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计算机操作系统技术特征对比
分类： 操作系统 2011-02-08 17:07 44人阅读 评论(0) 收藏 举报
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计算机操作系统技术特征对比（Computer Operating System Technical Feature Comparison）
在下面的表格中，很多广泛使用的和当前可用的操作系统的技术特征：
| OS | Supported architectures | Supported file systems | Kernel Name | Kernel type | Multitasking Supported | GUI on by default |
| AIX | POWER, PPC | JFS, JFS2, ISO 9660, UDF, NFS, SMBFS, GPFS | UNIX System V | Monolithic Dynamic Extendable | Yes | No |
| AmigaOS | 68k, PPC (x86 Clone available see AROS) | Proprietary (OFS, FFS,SFS, PFS), FAT, ISO 9660, UDF, many others via 3rd party drivers | Amiga Exec | Microkernel | Yes | Yes |
| FreeBSD | x86, x86-64, PC98, SPARC, others | UFS2, ext2, ext3, FAT, ISO 9660, UDF, NFS, ReiserFS (read only), XFS (experimental), ZFS (experimental) and others | FreeBSD kernel | Monolithic with modules | Yes | No |
| HP-UX | PA-RISC,IA-64 | VxFS, HFS, ISO 9660, UDF, NFS, SMBFS | UNIX System V | Monolithic with modules | Yes | No |
| GNU/Linux | x86, x86-64, PPC, SPARC, Alpha, others | ext2, ext3, ext4, ReiserFS, FAT, ISO 9660, UDF, NFS, and others | Linux kernel | Monolithic with modules | Yes | |
| Inferno | x86, PPC, SPARC, Alpha, MIPS, others | Styx/9P2000, kfs, FAT, ISO 9660 | Inferno kernel | Monolithic with modules, user space file systems | Yes | Yes |
| Mac OS Classic | 68k, PPC | HFS+, HFS, AFP, ISO 9660, FAT, UDF | Mac OS kernel | Monolithic with modules | Yes | Yes |
| Mac OS X | PPC, x86 | HFS+ (default), HFS, UFS, AFP, ISO 9660, FAT, UDF, NFS, SMBFS, NTFS (read only), FTP, WebDAV | XNU (Darwin kernel) | Hybrid | Yes | Yes |
| NetBSD | x86, x86-64, PPC, SPARC, 68k, Alpha, others | UFS, UFS2, ext2, FAT, ISO 9660, NFS, LFS, and others | NetBSD kernel | Monolithic with modules | Yes | No |
| NetWare | x86 | NSS, NWFS, FAT, NFS, AFP, UDF, CIFS, ISO 9660 | NetWare kernel | Hybrid | Yes | Yes |
| OES-Linux | x86 PPC | NSS, NFS, AFP, UDF, CIFS, ISO 9660, Netware Traditional File System | Linux kernel | Monolithic with modules | Yes | No |
| OpenBSD | x86, x86-64, SPARC, 68k, Alpha, VAX, others | ffs, ext2, FAT, ISO 9660, NFS, some others | OpenBSD kernel | Monolithic with modules | Yes | No |
| OpenVMS | VAX, Alpha, IA-64 | Files-11, ISO 9660, NFS | VMS kernel | Monolithic with modules | Yes | No |
| OS/2 | x86 | HPFS, JFS, FAT, ISO 9660, UDF, NFS | OS/2 kernel | Hybrid | No | No |
| PC-BSD | x86 10 | UFS2, ext2, ext3, FAT, ISO 9660, UDF, NFS, ReiserFS (read only), XFS (experimental) and others | Monolithic with modules | Yes | ||
| Plan 9 | x86, Alpha, MIPS, PPC, SPARC, others | fossil/venti, 9P2000, kfs, ext2, FAT, ISO 9660 | Plan 9 kernel | Monolithic, user space file systems | Yes | Yes |
| ReactOS | x86, Power PC | FAT | ReactOS kernel | Hybrid | Yes | Yes |
| RISC OS | ARM (both 26 and 32-bit) | Acorn ADFS, Econet ANFS, FAT, ISO9660, many others as loadable filesystems | RISC OS kernel | Unprotected monotasking microkernel with large number of relocatable modules | Yes | Yes |
| Solaris | x86, x86-64, SPARC | UFS, ZFS, ext2, FAT, ISO 9660, UDF, NFS, QFS, some others | Solaris kernel | Monolithic with modules | Yes | Yes |
| STOP 6 / XTS-400 | x86 | proprietary | XTS kernel | Monolithic | Yes | No |
| Windows Server | x86, x86-64, IA-64 | NTFS, FAT, ISO 9660, UDF; 3rd-party drivers support ext2, ext3, reiserfs9 | Windows NT kernel | Hybrid | Yes | Yes |
| Windows | x86, x86-64 | NTFS, FAT ISO 9660, UDF; 3rd-party drivers support ext2, ext3, reiserfs9 | Windows NT kernel for Wndows XP, Vista | Hybrid | Yes | Yes |
| ZETA | x86 | BFS (default), FAT, ISO 9660, UDF, HFS, AFP, ext2, CIFS, NTFS (read only), ReiserFS (read only, up to v3.6) | BeOS | Modular Microkernel | Yes | Yes |
| Primary APIs | Resource access control | Subsystem isolation mechanisms | Integrated firewall | Encrypted file systems |
| SysV, POSIX | Unix, ACLs | chroot | IP Filter, IPSec VPNs, basic IDS | No |
| Proprietary, POSIX environment functions available thru GNU licensed Amiga ixemul.library | No | No | ||
| BSD, POSIX | Unix, ACLs, MAC | chroot, jail, MAC Partitions | IPFW2, IPFilter, PF | Yes |
| SysV, POSIX | Unix, ACLs | chroot | IPFilter | No |
| POSIX | Unix, ACLs, MAC | chroot, Capability-based security11, seccomp, SELinux, IPSec | Netfilter/Varied by distribution | Yes |
| proprietary | Unix | Namespaces | ||
| proprietary, Carbon | none | none | none | No |
| Carbon, Cocoa, BSD/POSIX, X11 (since 10.3) | Unix, ACLs | chroot | ipfw | Yes |
| BSD, POSIX | Unix, Veriexec | chroot, systrace | IPFilter, PF | Yes |
| proprietary | Directory-enabled ACLs | Protected Address Spaces | IPFLT.NLM | Yes |
| proprietary | Directory-enabled ACLs | chroot | IPFilter | Yes |
| BSD, POSIX | Unix | chroot, systrace | PF | Yes |
| proprietary, Unix-like | ACLs, Privileges | logical name tables | ||
| proprietary | ACLs | none | none | No |
| BSD, POSIX | Unix, ACLs, MAC | chroot, jail, MAC Partitions | IPFW2, IPFilter, PF | Yes |
| Unix-like (and optional POSIX compatibility layer) | Unix | Namespaces | ipmux | Yes |
| Windows API | ||||
| Huge number of SWI calls; extensive C libraries | ||||
| SysV, POSIX | Unix, RBAC, ACLs, Privileges, Trusted Extension | chroot, Containers | IPFilter | Yes |
| some SysV, some POSIX, some Linux, some proprietary | Unix, Multilevel security, Biba mandatory integrity, ACLs, Privileges, subtype mechanism | Multilevel security, Biba Integrity Model, subtype mechanism | customer would have to install their own application | No |
| Windows API, .NET | ACLs, Privileges, RBAC | Win32 WindowStation, Desktop, Job objects | Windows Firewall,IPSec TCP/IP Filtering | Yes |
| Windows API, .NET | ACLs | Win32 WindowStation, Desktop, Job objects | Windows Firewall (XP and later), TCP/IP Filtering (NT Based systems), IPSec | Yes (NTFS Only) |
| POSIX, BeOS API | Unix | none | none | No |
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