前些天虚拟机安装好了CentOS6.1，但是自己想远程连接自带的mysql发现不知道如何改密码，于是谷歌一下，把结果记录下来，方便后期自己使用:
方法一：
# /etc/init.d/mysql stop
# mysqld_safe --user=mysql --skip-grant-tables --skip-networking &
# mysql -u root mysql
mysql> UPDATE user SET Password=PASSWORD('newpassword') where USER='root';
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
mysql> quit
# /etc/init.d/mysql restart
# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: <输入新设的密码newpassword>
mysql>
第一种方法本人亲测 好使！
方法二：
直接使用/etc/mysql/debian.cnf文件中[client]节提供的用户名和密码:
# mysql -udebian-sys-maint -p
Enter password: <输入[client]节的密码>
mysql> UPDATE user SET Password=PASSWORD('newpassword') where USER='root';
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
mysql> quit
# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: <输入新设的密码newpassword>
mysql>
方法三：
# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: <输入/etc/mysql/debian.cnf文件中[client]节提供的密码>
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端口开放访问
更改完密码，我就打算在windows机器下连接虚拟机中安装的mysql，发现连接不上，在linux上查看了mysql服务都启动了，3306端口也是开放的，后来在windows机器上telnet3306端口发现telnet不上，于是才想起来，安装的时候防火墙是开启的，于是就再iptables规则中增加如下两行：
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT（允许80端口通过防火墙）
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT（允许3306端口通过防火墙）
位置不要加错了，放在-A INPUT -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited和-A FORWARD -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited前面
我的/etc/sysconfig/iptables文件配置如下：
- [root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/iptables
- # Firewall configuration written by system-config-firewall
- # Manual customization of this file is not recommended.
- *filter
- :INPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
- :FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0]
- :OUTPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
- -A INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT
- -A INPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT
- -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT
- -A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT
- -A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
- -A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT
- -A INPUT -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
- -A FORWARD -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
- COMMIT
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/iptables
# Firewall configuration written by system-config-firewall
# Manual customization of this file is not recommended.
*filter
:INPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
:FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
-A INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
-A FORWARD -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
COMMIT
然后 /etc/init.d/iptables restart 重启iptables服务
/etc/init.d/iptables status 查看iptables规则
- [root@localhost ~]# /etc/init.d/iptables status
- 表格：filter
- Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT)
- num target prot opt source destination
- 1 ACCEPT all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state RELATED,ESTABLISHED
- 2 ACCEPT icmp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0
- 3 ACCEPT all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0
- 4 ACCEPT tcp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state NEW tcp dpt:22
- 5 ACCEPT tcp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state NEW tcp dpt:80
- 6 ACCEPT tcp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state NEW tcp dpt:3306
- 7 REJECT all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
- Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT)
- num target prot opt source destination
- 1 REJECT all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
- Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT)
- num target prot opt source destination
[root@localhost ~]# /etc/init.d/iptables status
表格：filter
Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT)
num target prot opt source destination
1 ACCEPT all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state RELATED,ESTABLISHED
2 ACCEPT icmp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0
3 ACCEPT all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0
4 ACCEPT tcp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state NEW tcp dpt:22
5 ACCEPT tcp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state NEW tcp dpt:80
6 ACCEPT tcp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state NEW tcp dpt:3306
7 REJECT all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 reject-with icmp-host-prohibitedChain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT)
num target prot opt source destination
1 REJECT all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 reject-with icmp-host-prohibitedChain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT)
num target prot opt source destination
如果后面要安装tomcat的话，不换端口的话 还是在/etc/sysconfig/iptables文件中增加一行：
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 8080 -j ACCEPT
然后，在windows机器上telnet虚拟机ip的3306端口，发现现在可以到达了
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添加进系统启动项
#chkconfig --list|grep mysql 查看列表中是否有mysql服务项
有的话是这样的：
[root@localhost ~]# chkconfig --list|grep mysql
mysqld 0:关闭 1:关闭 2:关闭 3:关闭 4:关闭 5:关闭 6:关闭