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一个多线程素材下载爬虫，实现多线程素材下载，包含素材包rar，素材图及素材描述，应用了经典的生产者与消费者模式，不过数据没有下载全，容易出现卡死的问题，期待后期能够解决相关问题，可以算是一个半成品，供大家参考和学习，有更好的多线程解决方案也可以交流！

几个关键点：

1.素材图片的获取

素材图存在不少情况，无图，单图，多图等都有可能存在

xpath获取图片

imgs = req.xpath('//div[@class="contentinfo"]/table//@src')

条件判断，看是否存在图片

if imgs:

遍历获取图片

for img in imgs:

图片后缀的获取

suffix = os.path.splitext(img)[1]

2.是否能够下载，素材是否有下载权限

如果能够下载，获取到下载相关数据，下载路径链接以及素材包名，不能下载则返回为空

if int(req.xpath('//div[@class="download"]/dl[@class="downlink"]/dd[1]/b/text()')[0]) == 0:down_url = req.xpath('//div[@class="download"]/dl[@class="downlink"]/dt/li/a/@href')[0]down_name = f'{h2}/{h2}.rar'down_data=down_url, down_nameprint(down_data)else:down_data=[]

3.队列的使用，老生常谈

队列只能传递一个参数！！！

data=text_data,img_data,down_data
self.down_queue.put(data)

4.一些能程序能够运行的设置

a.sleep操作延迟

time.sleep(1)

b.队列容器的设定

一般而言，往大了设置，哪个队列数据更多，则设置更多

page_queue = Queue(1000)
down_queue = Queue(2500)

运行效果：

采集效果：

素材效果：

附源码：

# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-import requests, os,time
from lxml import etree
from fake_useragent import UserAgent
import threading
from queue import Queue# 生产者模式
class Procuder(threading.Thread):def __init__(self, page_queue, down_queue, *args, **kwargs):super(Procuder, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)self.page_queue = page_queueself.down_queue = down_queueself.ua = UserAgent()self.headers = {"User-Agent": self.ua.random}def run(self):while True:if self.page_queue.empty():breakurl = self.page_queue.get()self.parse(url)def parse(self, url):print(f'>>> 正在抓取列表页 {url} 数据...')response = requests.get(url, headers=self.headers, timeout=6).content.decode("gbk")time.sleep(1)req = etree.HTML(response)urllist = req.xpath('//dl[@class="imglist"]/dt/ul[@class="listimg"]/li/span[@class="listpic"]/a/@href')print(len(urllist))print(urllist)for href in urllist:try:self.parse_page(href)except Exception as e:print(f'获取详情数据失败，错误代码：{e}')def parse_page(self, url):print(f'>>> 正在抓取详情页 {url} 数据...')response = requests.get(url, headers=self.headers, timeout=6).content.decode("gbk")time.sleep(1)req = etree.HTML(response)h2 = req.xpath('//div[@class="arcinfo"]/h2/text()')[0]print(h2)article = req.xpath('//div[@class="contentinfo"]/table//text()')article = ''.join(article)article = article.strip()print(article)texts = f'{h2}\n{article}'text_data=h2,textsimgs = req.xpath('//div[@class="contentinfo"]/table//@src')if imgs:i = 1for img in imgs:img_url = f'http://www.uimaker.com{img}'suffix = os.path.splitext(img)[1]img_name = f'{i}{suffix}'img_data=img_url, img_nameprint(img_data)i = i + 1if int(req.xpath('//div[@class="download"]/dl[@class="downlink"]/dd[1]/b/text()')[0]) == 0:down_url = req.xpath('//div[@class="download"]/dl[@class="downlink"]/dt/li/a/@href')[0]down_name = f'{h2}/{h2}.rar'down_data=down_url, down_nameprint(down_data)else:down_data=[]data=text_data,img_data,down_dataself.down_queue.put(data)# 消费者模式
class Consumer(threading.Thread):def __init__(self, page_queue, down_queue, *args, **kwargs):super(Consumer, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)self.page_queue = page_queueself.down_queue = down_queueself.ua = UserAgent()self.headers = {"User-Agent": self.ua.random}def run(self):while True:if self.page_queue.empty() and self.down_queue.empty():breaktext_data,img_data,down_data=self.down_queue.get()h2,texts=text_dataos.makedirs(f'{h2}/', exist_ok=True)  #创建目录self.get_text(h2, texts)img_url,img_name=img_dataself.get_downimg(h2, img_url, img_name)if down_data !=[]:down_url, down_name = down_dataself.down(down_url, down_name)# 保存文本内容def get_text(self, h2, texts):print("开始保存文本内容...")with open(f'{h2}/{h2}.txt', 'w', encoding="utf-8") as f:f.write(texts)print(">>>保存文本内容完成！")# 下载图片def get_downimg(self, h2, img_url, img_name):print("开始下载图片...")r = requests.get(img_url, headers=self.headers, timeout=6)time.sleep(1)with open(f'{h2}/{img_name}', 'wb') as f:f.write(r.content)print(">>>下载图片完成！")# 下载素材def down(self, down_url, down_name):print("开始下载素材...")r = requests.get(down_url, headers=self.headers, timeout=6)time.sleep(1)with open(down_name, 'wb') as f:f.write(r.content)print(">>>下载素材完成！")def main():page_queue = Queue(1000)down_queue = Queue(2500)for i in range(1, 71):url = f"http://www.uimaker.com/uimakerdown/list_36_{i}.html"print(f'>>> 正在爬取 第{i + 1}页 列表页，链接：{url} ...')page_queue.put(url)for x in range(3):t = Procuder(page_queue, down_queue)t.start()for x in range(6):t = Consumer(page_queue, down_queue)t.start()if __name__ == '__main__':main()

相关阅读：

单线程版本

Python素材下载爬虫，ui素材下载爬取采集源码