衡阳网站制作公司/深圳全网推广平台
项目开发中，遇到需要将页面内容导出word的需求，常用方法是通过FileSaver.js和jquery.wordexport.js插件进行导出，该插件适用于360，火狐，谷歌及IE11浏览器，在这里分享下本次使用这两个插件的过程中学习到的一些经验。
jquery.wordexport.js可以导出文本和图片，而图片首先通过canvas的形式绘制，文本则需要再依赖FileSaver.js插件，FileSaver.js插件则主要通过H5的文件操作新特性new Blob()和new FileReader()来实现文本的导出。FileSaver.js和jquery.wordexport.js下载链接如下：https://download.csdn.net/download/weixin_39010492/14034407，同时，给出jquery.wordexport.js与FileSaver.js的源码，
jquery.wordexport.js
if (typeof jQuery !== "undefined" && typeof saveAs !== "undefined") {(function ($) {$.fn.wordExport = function (fileName) {fileName = typeof fileName !== 'undefined' ? fileName : "jQuery-Word-Export";var statics = {mhtml: {top: "Mime-Version: 1.0\nContent-Base: " + location.href + "\nContent-Type: Multipart/related; boundary=\"NEXT.ITEM-BOUNDARY\";type=\"text/html\"\n\n--NEXT.ITEM-BOUNDARY\nContent-Type: text/html; charset=\"utf-8\"\nContent-Location: " + location.href + "\n\n<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html>\n_html_</html>",head: "<head>\n<meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=utf-8\">\n<style>\n_styles_\n</style>\n</head>\n",body: "<body>_body_</body>"}};var options = {maxWidth: 624};// Clone selected element before manipulating itvar markup = $(this).clone();// Remove hidden elements from the outputmarkup.each(function () {var self = $(this);if (self.is(':hidden'))self.remove();});// Embed all images using Data URLsvar images = Array();var img = markup.find('img');for (var i = 0; i < img.length; i++) {// Calculate dimensions of output imagevar w = Math.min(img[i].width, options.maxWidth);var h = img[i].height * (w / img[i].width);// Create canvas for converting image to data URLvar canvas = document.createElement("CANVAS");canvas.width = w;canvas.height = h;// Draw image to canvasvar context = canvas.getContext('2d');context.drawImage(img[i], 0, 0, w, h);// Get data URL encoding of imagevar uri = canvas.toDataURL("image/png/jpg");$(img[i]).attr("src", img[i].src);img[i].width = w;img[i].height = h;// Save encoded image to arrayimages[i] = {type: uri.substring(uri.indexOf(":") + 1, uri.indexOf(";")),encoding: uri.substring(uri.indexOf(";") + 1, uri.indexOf(",")),location: $(img[i]).attr("src"),data: uri.substring(uri.indexOf(",") + 1)};}// Prepare bottom of mhtml file with image datavar mhtmlBottom = "\n";for (var i = 0; i < images.length; i++) {mhtmlBottom += "--NEXT.ITEM-BOUNDARY\n";mhtmlBottom += "Content-Location: " + images[i].location + "\n";mhtmlBottom += "Content-Type: " + images[i].type + "\n";mhtmlBottom += "Content-Transfer-Encoding: " + images[i].encoding + "\n\n";mhtmlBottom += images[i].data + "\n\n";}mhtmlBottom += "--NEXT.ITEM-BOUNDARY--";//TODO: load css from included stylesheet//var styles=' /* Font Definitions */@font-face{font-family:宋体;panose-1:2 1 6 0 3 1 1 1 1 1;mso-font-alt:SimSun;mso-font-charset:134;mso-generic-font-family:auto;mso-font-pitch:variable;mso-font-signature:3 680460288 22 0 262145 0;} @font-face{font-family:"Cambria Math";panose-1:2 4 5 3 5 4 6 3 2 4;mso-font-charset:1;mso-generic-font-family:roman;mso-font-format:other;mso-font-pitch:variable;mso-font-signature:0 0 0 0 0 0;} @font-face{font-family:"\@宋体";panose-1:2 1 6 0 3 1 1 1 1 1;mso-font-charset:134;mso-generic-font-family:auto;mso-font-pitch:variable;mso-font-signature:3 680460288 22 0 262145 0;}/* Style Definitions */p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal{mso-style-unhide:no;mso-style-qformat:yes;mso-style-parent:"";margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-pagination:widow-orphan;font-size:14.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;}p.MsoHeader, li.MsoHeader, div.MsoHeader{mso-style-noshow:yes;mso-style-priority:99;mso-style-link:"页眉 Char";margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center;mso-pagination:widow-orphan;layout-grid-mode:char;font-size:9.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;}p.MsoFooter, li.MsoFooter, div.MsoFooter{mso-style-noshow:yes;mso-style-priority:99;mso-style-link:"页脚 Char";margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-pagination:widow-orphan;layout-grid-mode:char;font-size:9.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;}p.MsoAcetate, li.MsoAcetate, div.MsoAcetate{mso-style-noshow:yes;mso-style-priority:99;mso-style-link:"批注框文本 Char";margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-pagination:widow-orphan;font-size:9.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;}span.Char{mso-style-name:"页眉 Char";mso-style-noshow:yes;mso-style-priority:99;mso-style-unhide:no;mso-style-locked:yes;mso-style-link:页眉;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:宋体;}span.Char0{mso-style-name:"页脚 Char";mso-style-noshow:yes;mso-style-priority:99;mso-style-unhide:no;mso-style-locked:yes;mso-style-link:页脚;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:宋体;}span.Char1{mso-style-name:"批注框文本 Char";mso-style-noshow:yes;mso-style-priority:99;mso-style-unhide:no;mso-style-locked:yes;mso-style-link:批注框文本;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:宋体;}p.msochpdefault, li.msochpdefault, div.msochpdefault{mso-style-name:msochpdefault;mso-style-unhide:no;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;margin-right:0cm;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:0cm;mso-pagination:widow-orphan;font-size:10.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;}span.msonormal0{mso-style-name:msonormal;mso-style-unhide:no;}.MsoChpDefault{mso-style-type:export-only;mso-default-props:yes;font-size:10.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-font-kerning:0pt;}/* Page Definitions */ @page WordSection1{size:595.3pt 841.9pt;margin:72.0pt 90.0pt 72.0pt 90.0pt;mso-header-margin:42.55pt;mso-footer-margin:49.6pt;mso-paper-source:0;}div.WordSection1{page:WordSection1;}';var styles = "";// Aggregate parts of the file togethervar fileContent = statics.mhtml.top.replace("_html_", statics.mhtml.head.replace("_styles_", styles) + statics.mhtml.body.replace("_body_", markup.html())) + mhtmlBottom;// Create a Blob with the file contentsvar blob = new Blob([fileContent], {type: "application/msword;charset=utf-8"});saveAs(blob, fileName + ".doc");};})(jQuery);
} else {if (typeof jQuery === "undefined") {console.error("jQuery Word Export: missing dependency (jQuery)");}if (typeof saveAs === "undefined") {console.error("jQuery Word Export: missing dependency (FileSaver.js)");}
}FileSaver.js
/* FileSaver.js * A saveAs() FileSaver implementation. * 1.3.2 * 2016-06-16 18:25:19 * * By Eli Grey, http://eligrey.com * License: MIT * See https://github.com/eligrey/FileSaver.js/blob/master/LICENSE.md */ /*global self */
/*jslint bitwise: true, indent: 4, laxbreak: true, laxcomma: true, smarttabs: true, plusplus: true */ /*! @source http://purl.eligrey.com/github/FileSaver.js/blob/master/FileSaver.js */ var saveAs = saveAs || (function(view) { "use strict"; // IE <10 is explicitly unsupported if (typeof view === "undefined" || typeof navigator !== "undefined" && /MSIE [1-9]\./.test(navigator.userAgent)) { return; } var doc = view.document // only get URL when necessary in case Blob.js hasn't overridden it yet , get_URL = function() { return view.URL || view.webkitURL || view; } , save_link = doc.createElementNS("http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml", "a") , can_use_save_link = "download" in save_link , click = function(node) { var event = new MouseEvent("click"); node.dispatchEvent(event); } , is_safari = /constructor/i.test(view.HTMLElement) , is_chrome_ios =/CriOS\/[\d]+/.test(navigator.userAgent) , throw_outside = function(ex) { (view.setImmediate || view.setTimeout)(function() { throw ex; }, 0); } , force_saveable_type = "application/octet-stream" // the Blob API is fundamentally broken as there is no "downloadfinished" event to subscribe to , arbitrary_revoke_timeout = 1000 * 40 // in ms , revoke = function(file) { var revoker = function() { if (typeof file === "string") { // file is an object URL get_URL().revokeObjectURL(file); } else { // file is a File file.remove(); } }; setTimeout(revoker, arbitrary_revoke_timeout); } , dispatch = function(filesaver, event_types, event) { event_types = [].concat(event_types); var i = event_types.length; while (i--) { var listener = filesaver["on" + event_types[i]]; if (typeof listener === "function") { try { listener.call(filesaver, event || filesaver); } catch (ex) { throw_outside(ex); } } } } , auto_bom = function(blob) { // prepend BOM for UTF-8 XML and text/* types (including HTML) // note: your browser will automatically convert UTF-16 U+FEFF to EF BB BF if (/^\s*(?:text\/\S*|application\/xml|\S*\/\S*\+xml)\s*;.*charset\s*=\s*utf-8/i.test(blob.type)) { return new Blob([String.fromCharCode(0xFEFF), blob], {type: blob.type}); } return blob; } , FileSaver = function(blob, name, no_auto_bom) { if (!no_auto_bom) { blob = auto_bom(blob); } // First try a.download, then web filesystem, then object URLs var filesaver = this , type = blob.type , force = type === force_saveable_type , object_url , dispatch_all = function() { dispatch(filesaver, "writestart progress write writeend".split(" ")); } // on any filesys errors revert to saving with object URLs , fs_error = function() { if ((is_chrome_ios || (force && is_safari)) && view.FileReader) { // Safari doesn't allow downloading of blob urls var reader = new FileReader(); reader.onloadend = function() { var url = is_chrome_ios ? reader.result : reader.result.replace(/^data:[^;]*;/, 'data:attachment/file;'); var popup = view.open(url, '_blank'); if(!popup) view.location.href = url; url=undefined; // release reference before dispatching filesaver.readyState = filesaver.DONE; dispatch_all(); }; reader.readAsDataURL(blob); filesaver.readyState = filesaver.INIT; return; } // don't create more object URLs than needed if (!object_url) { object_url = get_URL().createObjectURL(blob); } if (force) { view.location.href = object_url; } else { var opened = view.open(object_url, "_blank"); if (!opened) { // Apple does not allow window.open, see https://developer.apple.com/library/safari/documentation/Tools/Conceptual/SafariExtensionGuide/WorkingwithWindowsandTabs/WorkingwithWindowsandTabs.html view.location.href = object_url; } } filesaver.readyState = filesaver.DONE; dispatch_all(); revoke(object_url); } ; filesaver.readyState = filesaver.INIT; if (can_use_save_link) { object_url = get_URL().createObjectURL(blob); setTimeout(function() { save_link.href = object_url; save_link.download = name; click(save_link); dispatch_all(); revoke(object_url); filesaver.readyState = filesaver.DONE; }); return; } fs_error(); } , FS_proto = FileSaver.prototype , saveAs = function(blob, name, no_auto_bom) { return new FileSaver(blob, name || blob.name || "download", no_auto_bom); } ; // IE 10+ (native saveAs) if (typeof navigator !== "undefined" && navigator.msSaveOrOpenBlob) { return function(blob, name, no_auto_bom) { name = name || blob.name || "download"; if (!no_auto_bom) { blob = auto_bom(blob); } return navigator.msSaveOrOpenBlob(blob, name); }; } FS_proto.abort = function(){}; FS_proto.readyState = FS_proto.INIT = 0; FS_proto.WRITING = 1; FS_proto.DONE = 2; FS_proto.error = FS_proto.onwritestart = FS_proto.onprogress = FS_proto.onwrite = FS_proto.onabort = FS_proto.onerror = FS_proto.onwriteend = null; return saveAs;
}( typeof self !== "undefined" && self || typeof window !== "undefined" && window || this.content
));
// `self` is undefined in Firefox for Android content script context
// while `this` is nsIContentFrameMessageManager
// with an attribute `content` that corresponds to the window if (typeof module !== "undefined" && module.exports) { module.exports.saveAs = saveAs;
} else if ((typeof define !== "undefined" && define !== null) && (define.amd !== null)) { define([], function() { return saveAs; });
} 调用插件代码如下：
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html><head lang="en"><meta charset="UTF-8"><title>html导出生成word文档</title>
</head><body><div class="word" id="word"></div><input type=button name=button_show class="button" value="导出word" onclick="javascript:exportWord();"/><script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/jquery/2.2.4/jquery.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="FileSaver.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="jquery.wordexport.js"></script><script>function exportWord(){$(".word").wordExport('文件名'); }</script>
</body>
</html>但是，如果你所做的是一些老项目的话，可能所支持的浏览器只能是低版本的IE浏览器，此时，如果使用这两个插件调用就会提示wordExport方法名无效或不存在，IE由于其特殊性，很多将页面导出为静态文件的方法对其并不适用，特别是当页面内容较多且复杂（如包含图片等）的时候，大多数情况下只能利用IE的原生态js代码进行导出，其具体内容如下：
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html><head lang="en"><meta charset="UTF-8"><title>html导出生成word文档</title>
</head><body><div class="word" id="word"></div><input type=button name=button_show class="button" value="导出word" onclick="javascript:exportWord();"/><script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/jquery/2.2.4/jquery.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="FileSaver.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="jquery.wordexport.js"></script><script>function exportWord(){var oWD = new ActiveXObject("Word.Application");var oDC = oWD.Documents.Add("",0,1);var oRange =oDC.Range(0,1);var sel = document.body.createTextRange();//此"word"为所要导出内容的id名sel.moveToElementText(document.getElementById("word"));sel.select();sel.execCommand("Copy");oRange.Paste();oWD.Application.Visible = true; }</script>
</body>
</html>点击按钮后，将id为"word"的div中的内容导出到word中，此时会自动将word文件打开，"另存为"需自己再次执行。
值得注意的是，如果里面有图片的话，图片的路径必须是服务器项目的目录下的具体文件路径，例如你的项目叫"test"，在test下有一张"test.jpg"，则路径为"test/test.jpg"。如果你的图片访问方式是利用servlet等进行访问的，请务必转换成具体的文件路径，否则转换出来的word的图片位置为空。